The Mayo Clinic’s overview of Autoimmune Hepatitis provides a thorough explanation of this chronic inflammatory liver disease, in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks liver cells. Without proper treatment, autoimmune hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and other serious complications—but with early detection and management, many people can live full, healthy lives.
This condition affects people of all ages but is most common in women. The Mayo Clinic explains that the exact cause is unknown, though a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers (such as infections or medications) may contribute. The article identifies two types of autoimmune hepatitis: Type 1, the most common form, and Type 2, which primarily affects children and young adults.
Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include fatigue, abdominal discomfort, joint pain, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), enlarged liver, and dark-colored urine. In some cases, the disease may be “silent” and not detected until liver damage is advanced.
The Mayo Clinic outlines the diagnostic process, which typically involves blood tests to detect elevated liver enzymes and autoantibodies, along with imaging studies and sometimes a liver biopsy to assess inflammation and scarring.
Treatment focuses on suppressing the immune response using medications like corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) and azathioprine. The goal is to control inflammation, prevent progression, and maintain liver function. In rare cases where liver damage is extensive, a liver transplant may be necessary.
With clear, accessible language, the Mayo Clinic provides a trusted resource for patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals alike. This guide helps demystify autoimmune hepatitis, emphasizing the importance of early intervention, regular monitoring, and a supportive care plan to manage this lifelong condition.
