Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) is a rare autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly produces antibodies that attack and destroy its own red blood cells (RBCs). This destruction leads to anemia—meaning the blood can’t carry enough oxygen to tissues—causing fatigue, weakness, and a range of other symptoms. AIHA may occur on its own (primary) or as a result of another disease (secondary), such as lupus, lymphoma, or certain infections.
There are two main types:
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Warm AIHA – Antibodies react at normal body temperature (most common form)
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Cold AIHA (Cold Agglutinin Disease) – Antibodies are active at cooler temperatures, especially in fingers, toes, or ears
