What Is Uveitis?

The American Academy of Ophthalmology’s (AAO) guide to uveitis offers a clear, reliable introduction to this potentially serious eye condition. Uveitis refers to inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. The condition can also affect nearby structures such as the retina, lens, and optic nerve. Depending on the type and severity, uveitis can lead to vision loss if not diagnosed and treated promptly.

The page outlines the different types of uveitis, including anterior (front of the eye), intermediate, posterior (back of the eye), and panuveitis (involving all layers). Each type presents unique symptoms, but common signs include eye redness, pain, blurred vision, light sensitivity, and floaters. The resource emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, as symptoms may develop suddenly and worsen quickly.

Uveitis can have many causes, including autoimmune diseases (like rheumatoid arthritis or sarcoidosis), infections (such as herpes or toxoplasmosis), trauma, or even unknown factors. The guide discusses how uveitis is diagnosed—typically through a detailed eye exam, imaging, and sometimes blood tests to identify underlying causes.

Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and preventing complications. It may include corticosteroid eye drops, oral medications, or injections, depending on the location and severity of the inflammation. Immunosuppressive therapy may be necessary for chronic or recurrent cases.

The AAO also highlights potential complications, such as glaucoma, cataracts, or retinal damage, reinforcing the importance of regular follow-up care.

Written in patient-friendly language and grounded in medical expertise, this guide helps individuals recognize symptoms, understand causes, and take action. It’s a vital educational tool for patients, caregivers, and anyone at risk of developing uveitis or related eye conditions.